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World War II, a republic was set up in the southern half of the Korean
Peninsula while a Communist-style government was installed in the
north. During the Korean War (1950-1953), US and other UN forces intervened
to defend South Korea from North Korean attacks supported by the Chinese.
An armistice was signed in 1953, splitting the Peninsula along a demilitarized
zone at about the 38th parallel. |
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Thereafter,
South Korea achieved rapid economic growth with per capital income
rising to roughly 20 times the level of North Korea. South Korea
has maintained its commitment to democratize its political processes.
In June 2000, a historic first North-South summit took place between
the South's President KIM Dae-jung and the North's leader KIM Chong-il.
Climate: temperate,
with rainfall heavier in summer than winter
Terrain: |
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Population:
48,289,037 (July 2003 est.)
Population growth
rate:
0.66% (2003 est.)
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Birth
rate:
12.6 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Death
rate:
6.03 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.
Nationality:
noun: Korean(s)
adjective: Korean
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Ethnic
groups:
homogeneous (except
for about 20,000 Chinese)
Religions:
Christian 49%,
Buddhist 47%, Confucianist 3%, Shamanist, Chondogyo (Religion of
the Heavenly Way), and other 1%
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